How do you calculate the angle between two vectors?
To calculate the angle between two vectors, use the scalar product. Find a·b by multiplying matching components and adding the results. Find the magnitude of each vector. Then substitute into cos θ = a·b ÷ (|a| × |b|) and use inverse cosine. The angle is always between 0° and 180°.
Formula
cos θ = a·b ÷ (|a| × |b|)
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